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Research & References

There is a wealth of valuable research on numerous essential oils as well as active components. NAHA will be posting various links to research articles here and even more (including actual articles we purchase for our members) in the members only area, so if you are not a NAHA member at this time, please consider joining! Here is a list of good research sites and articles to explore.

Research Sites

American Botanical Council
NAHA is a member of the American Botanical Council
At the American Botanical Council, we are passionate about helping people live healthier lives through the responsible use of herbs, medicinal plants. We are an independent, nonprofit research and education organization dedicated to providing accurate and reliable information for consumers, healthcare practitioners, researchers, educators, industry and the media.

Pubmed
The PubMed search system provides access to the PubMed database of bibliographic information, which is drawn primarily from MEDLINE and PREMEDLINE. In addition, for participating journals that are indexed selectively for MEDLINE, PubMed includes all articles from that journal, not just those that are included in MEDLINE. Finally, PubMed also provides access to the molecular biology databases included in NCBI’s Entrez retrieval system. It is expected that access to additional National Library of Medicine databases will be added in the future.

CAM on PubMed
CAM on PubMed, a database on the Web developed jointly by NCCAM and the National Library of Medicine, offers citations to (and in most cases, abstracts of) articles in scientifically based, peer- reviewed journals on complementary and alternative medicine. It contains 220,000 citations, has links to full text, and allows searchers to limit retrievals by publication type. Look for the Alerts and Advisories, treatment information, resources, links to other organizations (FDA, AHRQ, ODS etc.).

The PLANTS Database
The PLANTS Database provides standardized information about the vascular plants, mosses, liverworts, hornworts, and lichens of the U.S. and its territories. It includes names, plant symbols, checklists, distributional data, species abstracts, characteristics, images, plant links, references, crop information, and automated tools. PLANTS reduces costs by minimizing duplication and making information exchange possible across agencies and disciplines.

HerbMed®
An interactive, electronic herbal database – provides hyperlinked access to the scientific data underlying the use of herbs for health. It is an impartial, evidence-based information resource for professionals, researchers, and general public, provided by the nonprofit Alternative Medicine Foundation, Inc.

Dr. Duke’s Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases

Science Direct
Science Direct is a leading full-text scientific database offering journal articles and book chapters from more than 2,500 peer-reviewed journals and more than 11,000 books.

Some Research Articles


The Sleep-Enhancing Effect of Valerian Inhalation and Sleep-Shortening Effect of Lemon Inhalation


Clary Sage Essential Oil, but Not Lavender Essential Oil, Reduces Stress during Urodynamic Examinations


Effects of Fragrance Inhalation on Sympathetic Activity in Normal Adults


Essential Oils of Aromatic Plants with Antibacterial, Antifungal, Antiviral, and Cytotoxic Properties – an Overview


An evaluation of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antinociceptive activities of essential oil from Curcuma longa. L


Antibacterial activity of essential oils and their major constituents against respiratory tract pathogens by gaseous contact


Immune-Modifying and Antimicrobial Effects of Eucalyptus Oil and Simple Inhalation Devices


Anxiolytic Effect of Aromatherapy Massage in Patients with Breast Cancer


Neurobehavioral effect of essential oil of Cymbopogon citratus in mice


Melaleuca alternifolia (Tea Tree) Oil: a Review of Antimicrobial and Other Medicinal Properties


  Activity of tea tree oil and nerolidol alone or in combination against Pediculus capitis (head lice) and its eggs


  A novel treatment of postherpetic neuralgia using peppermint oil.


Inhalation of neroli essential oil and its anxiolytic effects in animals (Research paper)


  Effects of a fixed combination of peppermint oil and caraway oil on symptoms and quality of life in patients suffering from functional dyspepsia


Analysis of Rosmarinus officinalis L. Essential Oil from its Aerial Parts - Antinociceptive Effect and GC/MS (note: chemistry different from many of the chemotypes used in aromatherapy)


Antidermatophytic activity of essential oils


  Enteric-coated, pH-dependent peppermint oil capsules for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome in children


 The Treatment of Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth With Enteric-Coated Peppermint Oil: A Case Report


  Effects of Thymol and Carvacrol, Constituents of Thymus vulgaris L. Essential Oil, on the Inflammatory Response


  Essence of Peppermint, a History of the Medicine and its Bottle


Clinical and Experimental Studies on Oxidized Fragrance Terpenes as Contact Allergens by Johanna Bråred Christensson


European Medicines Agency PUBLIC STATEMENT ON THE USE OF HERBAL MEDICINAL PRODUCTS CONTAINING ESTRAGOLE


EPA Summary of Test Plan for Estragole including Toxicity Information


International Agency for Research for Cancer (IARC) Monograph on Methyl eugenol


Screening Assessment for the Challenge Benzene, 1,2-dimethoxy-4-(2-propenyl)-(Methyl eugenol)
Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number 93-15-2
Environment Canada Health Canada


Introduction to Toxicology (National Institute of Health)


Methyl Eugenol: Its Occurrence, Distribution, and Role in Nature, Especially in Relation to Insect Behavior and Pollination

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